Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, And Liability Act
In the maritime context, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as Superfund, is a United States federal law designed to clean up sites contaminated with hazardous substances and pollutants. It was enacted by Congress in 1980. This law authorizes the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to identify parties responsible for contamination of sites and compel them to clean up the sites. Where responsible parties cannot be found, the EPA is authorized to clean up sites itself, using a special trust fund. In maritime context, CERCLA is particularly relevant in cases of oil spills or other types of marine pollution. The Act provides a legal framework for the cleanup and restoration of areas affected by such incidents, and for the recovery of costs from the responsible parties. It is a critical piece of legislation for the protection of marine environments and the prevention and mitigation of environmental damage from maritime activities.
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