Cavitation
Cavitation is a phenomenon that occurs when the pressure of a liquid drops below its vapor pressure, causing the formation of vapor bubbles. In the context of maritime engineering, cavitation is a major concern as it can cause significant damage to propellers, pumps, and other equipment. When a propeller rotates in water, it creates a low-pressure area behind the blades. If the pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the water, vapor bubbles will form. As the propeller continues to rotate, these bubbles will collapse, creating shock waves that can erode the surface of the propeller and other nearby components. To prevent cavitation, engineers may use specialized propeller designs, alter the speed of the propeller, or adjust the shape of the hull.
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