Congenital Heart Defects
Congenital heart defects (CHD) are structural abnormalities of the heart that are present at birth. These defects can affect the walls, valves, and blood vessels of the heart, and can disrupt the normal flow of blood through the heart and to the rest of the body. CHD can range from mild, with no symptoms and little or no impact on health, to severe, requiring immediate medical intervention. Some common types of CHD include atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, and tetralogy of Fallot. The causes of CHD are not fully understood, but may include genetic factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both.
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