Rotterdam Rules
The Rotterdam Rules, officially known as the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea, is a treaty proposing new international rules to revise the legal framework for maritime affreightment and carriage of goods by sea. The Rotterdam Rules, adopted by the United Nations in 2008, aim to replace older maritime treaties like the Hague Rules, Hague-Visby Rules, and Hamburg Rules, which are considered outdated. The Rotterdam Rules introduce a 'maritime plus' concept, which extends the period of responsibility of the carrier for the goods beyond the time they are loaded and discharged from the ship, also covering the period during which the goods are in his charge at the port of loading and port of discharge. The rules also provide a modern approach to electronic transport records, and a higher limit of liability for carriers.
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