Chemosynthesis
Chemosynthesis is the process by which certain microorganisms create organic molecules from inorganic nutrients using chemical energy rather than sunlight. This process is most commonly found in deep sea environments, where sunlight cannot penetrate. Chemosynthetic organisms, such as bacteria and archaea, are able to survive in extreme conditions, such as hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, by using energy from the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other chemicals. Chemosynthesis plays a crucial role in the food chain of these environments, providing the base of the ecosystem for other organisms to feed on.
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