2002 Protocol
The 2002 Protocol is a significant amendment to the 1974 SOLAS Convention (International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea). It was adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in 2002 to enhance maritime safety and pollution prevention. The protocol introduced the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code, which is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities. It includes detailed security-related requirements for Governments, port authorities and shipping companies in a mandatory section (Part A), together with a series of guidelines about how to meet these requirements in a second, non-mandatory section (Part B). The 2002 Protocol also includes provisions for the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel (PCASP) on board ships. The protocol is a significant milestone in maritime history as it has greatly improved the safety and security of international shipping.
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