Exclusive Economic Zone
An Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a maritime zone extending 200 nautical miles (370 km) from a coastal state's baseline, within which the state has special rights to explore, exploit and manage the natural resources in the water column and on the seabed. These resources include fish stocks, oil and gas reserves, and minerals. The coastal state also has jurisdiction over the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures for economic purposes. However, other states have the right of innocent passage through the EEZ and the freedom of navigation and overflight. The EEZ was established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982.
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