High Frequency (HF)
In the maritime context, High Frequency (HF) refers to a portion of the radio frequency spectrum that lies between 3 and 30 MHz. HF is widely used in maritime communications, especially in long-distance communication where VHF (Very High Frequency) is ineffective due to its line-of-sight limitation. HF radio waves are capable of reaching long distances because they can be refracted or 'bounced' off the Earth's ionosphere, allowing them to curve around the planet. This makes HF particularly useful for transoceanic ships and vessels operating in remote areas. HF radio systems on ships are used for a variety of purposes, including distress signaling, ship-to-shore and ship-to-ship communication, weather fax, email, and even internet access. Despite the advent of satellite communication, HF remains a vital part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), an internationally agreed-upon set of safety procedures, types of equipment, and communication protocols used to increase safety and make it easier to rescue distressed ships, boats and aircraft.
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