Marine Fouling
Marine fouling is the accumulation of microorganisms, plants, algae, or animals on submerged surfaces such as ship hulls, piers, buoys, and offshore structures. Fouling organisms attach to these surfaces and grow, forming a layer that can increase drag, reduce speed, and decrease fuel efficiency of ships. It can also cause corrosion and damage to the structure. Fouling can be controlled by using antifouling coatings, which release biocides that prevent the attachment and growth of fouling organisms. However, these coatings can have negative environmental impacts and require regular maintenance. Therefore, alternative methods such as ultrasonic and electrolytic systems are being developed to reduce fouling without harming the environment.
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