Satellite Orbits

In the maritime context, satellite orbits refer to the paths traced by satellites as they move around the earth, which are crucial for maritime navigation and communication. There are three main types of satellite orbits used in maritime operations: Geostationary Orbit (GEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Low Earth Orbit (LEO). GEO satellites are positioned approximately 36,000 kilometers above the earth and remain fixed over a specific longitude, providing constant coverage of a particular area. This makes them ideal for weather monitoring and communication services. MEO satellites, including the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo, are positioned between 2,000 and 36,000 kilometers above the earth. They provide a balance between coverage and positional accuracy, making them crucial for maritime navigation. LEO satellites, positioned less than 2,000 kilometers above the earth, provide the highest resolution data and fastest communication times, but their coverage is limited and requires a network of satellites for global coverage. They are often used for high-bandwidth communication and earth observation.