MARPOL Convention
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, more commonly known as the MARPOL Convention, is the primary international maritime law for the prevention and minimization of pollution from ships. Established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), it was adopted on November 2, 1973, and modified by the Protocol of 1978. The convention covers various types of ship pollution including oil, noxious liquid substances, harmful substances in packaged form, sewage, garbage, and air pollution. It sets regulations aimed at preventing and minimizing pollution from ships - both accidental pollution and that from routine operations. The MARPOL Convention is divided into six Annexes, each corresponding to a specific type of pollution. Each Annex contains general provisions, definitions, regulations, and exceptions. The convention applies to all ships, whether they are commercial, passenger, or private, and regardless of their size or purpose. It is binding and has been ratified by 136 countries representing about 98% of the world's shipping tonnage.
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